ABSTRACT
Hypertension is one of the strongest modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular and kidney disease and has been identified as the leading risk factor for mortality. The reduction of blood pressure lower than 130/85 mmHg provides additional benefits regarding both protection of organs and cardiovascular mortality. It suppresses the effects of angitensin II at its receptors, thereby blocking the rennin-angiotensin system. The rennin-angiotensin system plays a crucial role in the control of blood pressure, and in particular it is felt to play crucial role in hypertension. The objective of this double-blind, comparative study evaluating efficacy and biochemical effects of optimized Losartan Potassium 50mg [F-6] as monotherapy in adult patient with essential hypertension. Double-blind, comparative study. This study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi from January 2010 to August 2010. This was multicenter randomized, double-blind, comparative study. Patients were randomized to receive once Losartan Potassium 50mg [F-6] daily for 8 weeks and at the end of study efficacy and biochemical evaluation was done. The patients treated with optimized Losartan potassium [F-6] alone, blood pressure reduction was lower, although significant; reaching values of 140.9 +/- 11.3 / m88.9 +/- 5.5 mmHg [p < 0.05 versus Placebo] by the end of eight weeks of treatment.. No significant variation of blood glucose was observed and different parameters of lipid profile were also observed during the eight weeks of treatment with antihypertensive regimen used. Thus, the drug regimens used may be considered neutral as regards glucose and plasma lipid metabolism profile because drug used at low doses. We can suggest that the high antihypertensive efficacy, good tolerability and no biochemical effects of the optimized Losartan potassium [F-6] it is an excellent option for the treatment of hypertension in a wide range of hypertensive patients, with a high potential to reduce cardiovascular risks
ABSTRACT
The objective of this double-blind, comparative study evaluating efficacy and biochemical effects of optimized Valsartan 80mg [F-3] as monotherapy in adult patient with essential hypertension. Double-blind, comparative study. This study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi from January 2011 to September 2011. This was multicenter randomized, double-blind, comparative study. Patients were randomized to receive once Valsartan [F-3] daily for 8 weeks and at the end of study efficacy and biochemical evaluation was done. The patients treated with optimized Valsartan 80mg [F-3] alone, blood pressure reduction was lower, although significant; reaching values of 140.9 +/- 11.3 / m88.9 +/- 5.5 mmHg [p < 0.05 versus Placebo] by the end of eight weeks of treatment. . No significant variation of blood glucose was observed and different parameters of lipid profile were also observed during the eight weeks of treatment with antihypertensive regimen used. Thus, the drug regimens used may be considered neutral as regards glucose and plasma lipid metabolism profile because drug used at low doses. We can suggest that the high antihypertensive efficacy, good tolerability and no biochemical effects of the optimized Valsartan 80mg [F-3] it is an excellent option for the treatment of hypertension in a wide range of hypertensive patients, with a high potential to reduce cardiovascular risks
ABSTRACT
To know the frequency of bronchogenic carcinoma in smoker patients presenting with hemoptysis using fiberoptic bronchoscopy technique. Description case series study. This study was carried out at the pulmonology unit of Postgraduate Medical Institute Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, KPK from 18/09/2007 to 18/09/2008. Two hundred and fifty smoker patients presenting with hemoptysis, having clinical suspicion of bronchogenic carcinoma and fulfilling the inclusions criteria underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The bronchoscopic findings and other demographic information were determined regarding their frequencies and percentage. Fifty Nine point Two Percent [59.2%] patients were found to have pulmonary tuberculosis, seventeen Point Two Percent [17.2%] were diagnosed to have bronchiectasis, 11.6% chronic bronchitis, 5.2% with bronchogenic carcinoma and 6.8% remained with undertermined cause. Pulmonary tuberculosis is a major cause of hemoptysis in relatively younger smokers but the bronchogenic carcinoma is a major cause of hemoptysis in smokers of old age group
ABSTRACT
The reduction of blood pressure lower than 130/85 mmHg provides additional benefits regarding both protection of organs and cardiovascular mortality. Amlodipine is a calcium channel-blocking agent with vasodilator activity and Ramipril is ACE inhibitor. The objective of this double-blind, comparative study evaluating the biochemical effects of Amlodipine 5 mg and Ramipril 1.25 mg in combination and as monotherapy in adult patient with essential hypertension, double-blind, comparative study. This study was conducted at the department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi from December 2010 to September 2011. This was multicenter randomized, double-blind, comparative study. Patients were randomized to receive Amlodopine [5 mg] once daily, Ramipril [1.25 mg] once daily and combination of amlodipine 5 mg with Ramipril 1.25 mg once daily for 8 weeks and at the end of study biochemical evaluation was done. In the patients treated with combination of Amlodipine 5 mg and Ramipril 1.25 mg tablets showed synergetic effect and no significant biochemical effects. We can suggest that good tolerability and no biochemical and hematological effects of combination of Amlodipine 5 mg and Ramipril 1.25 mg to formulate in a single dosage forms [tablet] because it is an excellent option for the treatment of hypertension in a wide range of hypertensive patients, with a high potential to reduce cardiovascular risks
ABSTRACT
Geographical variation in the rates of kidney stones has been observed for many years. Pakistan is situated in stone belt. Calculus diseases is endemic in Pakistan, perhaps the incidence in Pakistan is highest in the world. To evaluate etiology and biochemical risk factors [inorganic Phosphate] in the Peshawar. The study was carried out at Leady Reading Hospital, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar for the period of nine months. Study was conducted at LRH and Hayatabad Hospitals of Peshawar for the period of nine months. Two hundred patients and same number of controls were selected. The mean value of mean inorganic phosphate in non stone formers were less than that of stone formers. The mean of urinary inorganic phosphate excretion in stone formers was greater than that of non-stone formers. We conclude that inorganic phosphate is an independent risk factor for renal stone formation
Subject(s)
Humans , Phosphates/urine , Kidney Calculi , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Despite advances in the prevention and treatment of hypertension over the past decade, hypertension remains an important public health challenge. Recent efforts to reduce the prevalence of hypertension have been focused on non-pharmacologic means, specifically diet. An increased in take of magnesium has been shown in some but not all studies to reduce blood pressure in patients with hypertension. Decreased Serum magnesium levels are associated with development of hypertension. This study was planned to investigate relation of serum magnesium with blood pressure in patients with mild uncomplicated hypertension. Study was conducted at LUMHS hospital Jamshoro and DHQ hospital charssadda for the period of six months. Fifty known cases of uncomplicated mild hypertensive patients were selected, same number of healthy controls were also examined. When results were summed up and test parameters were compared, it was seen that no significant differences were found in serum magnesium levels among both groups, when compared statistically. Finally we conclude that no relation of magnesium with hypertension was observed. Much more work on wide scale population may be needed to clarify the idea